[FFmpeg-devel] [PATCH v2 2/3] vaapi_encode: Rewrite slice/tile support

Mark Thompson sw at jkqxz.net
Fri Aug 14 00:46:12 EEST 2020


This precalculates all of the information we will need to define slice
and tile positions at init time rather than rebuilding some of it with
every slice.  The control of tiles is generalised to match slices, so that
arbitrary tile and slice layouts are possible within the constraint that
slices can't cross tile boundaries (which comes from how VAAPI handles
slices and tiles).  Support for the EQUAL_MULTI_ROWS slice structure fits
easily into this, so it is added at the same time.

While doing that, try to be consistent about writing columns before rows
everywhere.
---
 libavcodec/vaapi_encode.c       | 553 ++++++++++++++++++++------------
 libavcodec/vaapi_encode.h       |  53 +--
 libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h264.c  |   3 +-
 libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h265.c  |  14 +-
 libavcodec/vaapi_encode_mpeg2.c |  12 +-
 5 files changed, 394 insertions(+), 241 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.c b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.c
index b3a02459f1..bea48ca255 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.c
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.c
@@ -163,88 +163,6 @@ static int vaapi_encode_wait(AVCodecContext *avctx,
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int vaapi_encode_make_row_slice(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                                       VAAPIEncodePicture *pic)
-{
-    VAAPIEncodeContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
-    VAAPIEncodeSlice *slice;
-    int i, rounding;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < pic->nb_slices; i++)
-        pic->slices[i].row_size = ctx->slice_size;
-
-    rounding = ctx->slice_block_rows - ctx->nb_slices * ctx->slice_size;
-    if (rounding > 0) {
-        // Place rounding error at top and bottom of frame.
-        av_assert0(rounding < pic->nb_slices);
-        // Some Intel drivers contain a bug where the encoder will fail
-        // if the last slice is smaller than the one before it.  Since
-        // that's straightforward to avoid here, just do so.
-        if (rounding <= 2) {
-            for (i = 0; i < rounding; i++)
-                ++pic->slices[i].row_size;
-        } else {
-            for (i = 0; i < (rounding + 1) / 2; i++)
-                ++pic->slices[pic->nb_slices - i - 1].row_size;
-            for (i = 0; i < rounding / 2; i++)
-                ++pic->slices[i].row_size;
-        }
-    } else if (rounding < 0) {
-        // Remove rounding error from last slice only.
-        av_assert0(rounding < ctx->slice_size);
-        pic->slices[pic->nb_slices - 1].row_size += rounding;
-    }
-
-    for (i = 0; i < pic->nb_slices; i++) {
-        slice = &pic->slices[i];
-        slice->index = i;
-        if (i == 0) {
-            slice->row_start   = 0;
-            slice->block_start = 0;
-        } else {
-            const VAAPIEncodeSlice *prev = &pic->slices[i - 1];
-            slice->row_start   = prev->row_start   + prev->row_size;
-            slice->block_start = prev->block_start + prev->block_size;
-        }
-        slice->block_size  = slice->row_size * ctx->slice_block_cols;
-
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Slice %d: %d-%d (%d rows), "
-               "%d-%d (%d blocks).\n", i, slice->row_start,
-               slice->row_start + slice->row_size - 1, slice->row_size,
-               slice->block_start, slice->block_start + slice->block_size - 1,
-               slice->block_size);
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int vaapi_encode_make_tile_slice(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                                        VAAPIEncodePicture *pic)
-{
-    VAAPIEncodeContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
-    VAAPIEncodeSlice *slice;
-    int i, j, index;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ctx->tile_cols; i++) {
-        for (j = 0; j < ctx->tile_rows; j++) {
-            index        = j * ctx->tile_cols + i;
-            slice        = &pic->slices[index];
-            slice->index = index;
-
-            pic->slices[index].block_start = ctx->col_bd[i] +
-                                             ctx->row_bd[j] * ctx->slice_block_cols;
-            pic->slices[index].block_size  = ctx->row_height[j] * ctx->col_width[i];
-
-            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Slice %2d: (%2d, %2d) start at: %4d "
-               "width:%2d height:%2d (%d blocks).\n", index, ctx->col_bd[i],
-               ctx->row_bd[j], slice->block_start, ctx->col_width[i],
-               ctx->row_height[j], slice->block_size);
-        }
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
 static int vaapi_encode_issue(AVCodecContext *avctx,
                               VAAPIEncodePicture *pic)
 {
@@ -433,16 +351,17 @@ static int vaapi_encode_issue(AVCodecContext *avctx,
             err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
             goto fail;
         }
-
-        if (ctx->tile_rows && ctx->tile_cols)
-            vaapi_encode_make_tile_slice(avctx, pic);
-        else
-            vaapi_encode_make_row_slice(avctx, pic);
     }
 
     for (i = 0; i < pic->nb_slices; i++) {
         slice = &pic->slices[i];
 
+        *slice = (VAAPIEncodeSlice) {
+            .index       = i,
+            .block_start = ctx->slice_regions[i].block_start,
+            .block_size  = ctx->slice_regions[i].block_size,
+        };
+
         if (ctx->codec->slice_params_size > 0) {
             slice->codec_slice_params = av_mallocz(ctx->codec->slice_params_size);
             if (!slice->codec_slice_params) {
@@ -1884,108 +1803,252 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_gop_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx)
     return 0;
 }
 
-static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_row_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                                                         uint32_t slice_structure)
+enum {
+    // Uniform: all regions approximately the same size, with the ends
+    // being slightly larger if necessary to accomodate rounding error.
+    REGION_SPACING_UNIFORM,
+    // Equal: all regions the same size except the last one, which can't be
+    // larger.  If the target count is a power of two then this matches the
+    // behaviour of AV1 uniform_tile_spacing_flag (see AV1 5.9.15).
+    REGION_SPACING_EQUAL,
+    // Power of two: pick the largest power of two which will divide into
+    // the target count, then set all regions to that size except possibly
+    // the final one.
+    REGION_SPACING_EQUAL_POWER_OF_TWO,
+    // Single: every region has size one.
+    REGION_SPACING_SINGLE,
+    // H.265 with uniform_spacing_flag: see H.265 6.5.1.  Similar to
+    // UNIFORM, but the rounding error is more randomly distributed rather
+    // than concentrated on the ends.
+    REGION_SPACING_UNIFORM_H265,
+};
+
+static int vaapi_encode_pick_spacing(int *sizes, int *actual_count,
+                                     int target_count, int max_count,
+                                     int total, int spacing_type)
+{
+    int i, count = target_count;
+    if (count > max_count)
+        count = max_count;
+    if (count > total)
+        count = total;
+
+    if (spacing_type == REGION_SPACING_EQUAL) {
+        int size, start;
+        size = (total + count - 1) / count;
+        i = 0;
+        for (start = 0; start < total - size; start += size) {
+            sizes[i] = size;
+            ++i;
+        }
+        sizes[i] = total - start;
+        count = i + 1;
+
+    } else if (spacing_type == REGION_SPACING_EQUAL_POWER_OF_TWO) {
+        int size;
+        if (count == 1) {
+            sizes[0] = total;
+        } else {
+            for (size = 1;; size *= 2) {
+                if (2 * size * (count - 1) + 1 >= total)
+                    break;
+            }
+            count = (total + size - 1) / size;
+            for (i = 0; i < count - 1; i++)
+                sizes[i] = size;
+            sizes[i] = total - size * (count - 1);
+        }
+
+    } else if (spacing_type == REGION_SPACING_SINGLE) {
+        if (total > max_count)
+            return AVERROR(EINVAL);
+        count = total;
+        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            sizes[i] = 1;
+
+    } else if (spacing_type == REGION_SPACING_UNIFORM_H265) {
+        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            sizes[i] = (i + 1) * total / count -
+                             i * total / count;
+        }
+
+    } else {
+        int size, error;
+        size = total / count;
+        error = total - count * size;
+        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            sizes[i] = size;
+        for (i = 0; i < (error + 1) / 2; i++)
+            ++sizes[count - i - 1];
+        for (i = 0; i < error / 2; i++)
+            ++sizes[i];
+    }
+
+    av_assert0(count <= max_count);
+    *actual_count = count;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static av_cold int vaapi_encode_pick_tile_sizes(AVCodecContext *avctx,
+                                                int tile_spacing)
 {
     VAAPIEncodeContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
-    int req_slices;
-
-    // For fixed-size slices currently we only support whole rows, making
-    // rectangular slices.  This could be extended to arbitrary runs of
-    // blocks, but since slices tend to be a conformance requirement and
-    // most cases (such as broadcast or bluray) want rectangular slices
-    // only it would need to be gated behind another option.
-    if (avctx->slices > ctx->slice_block_rows) {
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Not enough rows to use "
-               "configured number of slices (%d < %d); using "
-               "maximum.\n", ctx->slice_block_rows, avctx->slices);
-        req_slices = ctx->slice_block_rows;
+    int count, err;
+
+    // Pick the horizontal block sizes of tiles.
+    if (ctx->tile_cols > 1) {
+        err = vaapi_encode_pick_spacing(ctx->tile_col_width, &count,
+                                        ctx->tile_cols, MAX_TILE_COLS,
+                                        ctx->slice_block_cols,
+                                        tile_spacing);
+        if (err < 0) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to satisfy tile column "
+                   "constraints.\n");
+            return err;
+        }
+        if (count != ctx->tile_cols) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Tile column count modified to "
+                   "%d (from %d) due to driver constraints on tile "
+                   "structure.\n", count, ctx->tile_cols);
+            ctx->tile_cols = count;
+        }
     } else {
-        req_slices = avctx->slices;
+        ctx->tile_col_width[0] = ctx->slice_block_cols;
     }
-    if (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_ARBITRARY_ROWS ||
-        slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_ARBITRARY_MACROBLOCKS) {
-        ctx->nb_slices  = req_slices;
-        ctx->slice_size = ctx->slice_block_rows / ctx->nb_slices;
-    } else if (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_POWER_OF_TWO_ROWS) {
-        int k;
-        for (k = 1;; k *= 2) {
-            if (2 * k * (req_slices - 1) + 1 >= ctx->slice_block_rows)
-                break;
+
+    // Pick the vertical block sizes of tiles.
+    if (ctx->tile_rows > 1) {
+        err = vaapi_encode_pick_spacing(ctx->tile_row_height, &count,
+                                        ctx->tile_rows, MAX_TILE_ROWS,
+                                        ctx->slice_block_rows,
+                                        tile_spacing);
+        if (err < 0) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to satisfy tile row "
+                   "constraints.\n");
+            return err;
+        }
+        if (count != ctx->tile_rows) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Tile row count modified to "
+                   "%d (from %d) due to driver constraints on tile "
+                   "structure.\n", count, ctx->tile_rows);
+            ctx->tile_rows = count;
         }
-        ctx->nb_slices  = (ctx->slice_block_rows + k - 1) / k;
-        ctx->slice_size = k;
-#if VA_CHECK_VERSION(1, 0, 0)
-    } else if (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_ROWS) {
-        ctx->nb_slices  = ctx->slice_block_rows;
-        ctx->slice_size = 1;
-#endif
     } else {
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Driver does not support any usable "
-               "slice structure modes (%#x).\n", slice_structure);
-        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
+        ctx->tile_row_height[0] = ctx->slice_block_rows;
     }
 
+    ctx->nb_tiles = ctx->tile_cols * ctx->tile_rows;
     return 0;
 }
 
-static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_tile_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                                                          uint32_t slice_structure)
+static av_cold int vaapi_encode_pick_tile_slices(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 {
     VAAPIEncodeContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
-    int i, req_tiles;
-
-    if (!(slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_ARBITRARY_MACROBLOCKS ||
-         (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_ARBITRARY_ROWS &&
-          ctx->tile_cols == 1))) {
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Supported slice structure (%#x) doesn't work for "
-               "current tile requirement.\n", slice_structure);
-        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
+    // There is no driver constraint on how we do this distribution, so we
+    // try to make slice sizes as even as possible by placing slices in
+    // tiles in proportion to the number of blocks in those tiles.  This is
+    // O(N^2), but N shouldn't be particularly large - if it is, then this
+    // could be improved by maintaining a priority queue of tiles in order
+    // of slices per block.
+    double spb, best_spb;
+    int i, slice, tile;
+
+    // All tiles start with one slice.
+    for (i = 0; i < ctx->nb_tiles; i++)
+        ctx->slices_per_tile[i] = 1;
+    // Repeatedly place the next slice in the tile with the lowest number
+    // of slices per block.
+    for (slice = ctx->nb_tiles; slice < ctx->nb_slices; slice++) {
+        tile = -1;
+        for (i = 0; i < ctx->nb_tiles; i++) {
+            spb = (double)ctx->slices_per_tile[i] /
+                (ctx->tile_col_width [i % ctx->tile_cols] *
+                 ctx->tile_row_height[i / ctx->tile_cols]);
+            if (tile == -1 || spb < best_spb) {
+                tile = i;
+                best_spb = spb;
+            }
+        }
+        av_assert0(tile >= 0 && tile < ctx->nb_tiles);
+        ++ctx->slices_per_tile[tile];
     }
+    return 0;
+}
 
-    if (ctx->tile_rows > ctx->slice_block_rows ||
-        ctx->tile_cols > ctx->slice_block_cols) {
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Not enough block rows/cols (%d x %d) "
-               "for configured number of tile (%d x %d); ",
-               ctx->slice_block_rows, ctx->slice_block_cols,
-               ctx->tile_rows, ctx->tile_cols);
-        ctx->tile_rows = ctx->tile_rows > ctx->slice_block_rows ?
-                                          ctx->slice_block_rows : ctx->tile_rows;
-        ctx->tile_cols = ctx->tile_cols > ctx->slice_block_cols ?
-                                          ctx->slice_block_cols : ctx->tile_cols;
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "using allowed maximum (%d x %d).\n",
-               ctx->tile_rows, ctx->tile_cols);
+static av_cold int vaapi_encode_pick_slices(AVCodecContext *avctx,
+                                            int slice_spacing,
+                                            int max_slices)
+{
+    VAAPIEncodeContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
+    int tile_block_start, slice_block_start;
+    int slice, count, i, j, err;
+    int rows_per_slice[MAX_SLICES];
+
+    // If we didn't have any tile settings then this should be treated as
+    // a single tile filling the frame.
+    if (ctx->nb_tiles == 0) {
+        ctx->nb_tiles  = 1;
+        ctx->tile_cols = 1;
+        ctx->tile_rows = 1;
+        ctx->tile_col_width[0]  = ctx->slice_block_cols;
+        ctx->tile_row_height[0] = ctx->slice_block_rows;
+        ctx->slices_per_tile[0] = ctx->nb_slices;
+    }
+
+    // Iterate over tiles to pick the slice structure within each tile.
+    tile_block_start = 0;
+    slice = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < ctx->nb_tiles; i++) {
+        int col = i % ctx->tile_cols;
+        int row = i / ctx->tile_cols;
+
+        // Pick slice rows within the tile.
+        err = vaapi_encode_pick_spacing(rows_per_slice, &count,
+                                        ctx->slices_per_tile[i],
+                                        max_slices - slice,
+                                        ctx->tile_row_height[row],
+                                        slice_spacing);
+        if (err < 0) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to satisfy slice "
+                   "constraints in tile (%d,%d).\n", row, col);
+            return err;
+        }
+        if (ctx->nb_tiles == 1 && count > 1) {
+            // Workaround: some Intel drivers contain a bug where the
+            // encoder will fail if the last slice is smaller than the
+            // one before it.  Avoid ever hitting this by moving a small
+            // rounding error at the bottom of the frame to the top.
+            if (rows_per_slice[count - 1] > rows_per_slice[count - 2]) {
+                for (i = 0; i < count - 1; i++)
+                    if (rows_per_slice[i] < rows_per_slice[count - 1])
+                        break;
+                --rows_per_slice[count - 1];
+                ++rows_per_slice[i];
+            }
+        }
+        slice_block_start = tile_block_start;
+        for (j = 0; j < count; j++) {
+            ctx->slice_regions[slice++] = (VAAPIEncodeSliceRegion) {
+                .tile_col    = col,
+                .tile_row    = row,
+                .block_start = slice_block_start,
+                .block_size  = rows_per_slice[j] * ctx->tile_col_width[col],
+            };
+            slice_block_start +=
+                rows_per_slice[j] * ctx->slice_block_cols;
+        }
+        if (col == ctx->tile_cols - 1)
+            tile_block_start +=
+                (ctx->tile_row_height[row] - 1) * ctx->slice_block_cols;
+        tile_block_start += ctx->tile_col_width[col];
     }
 
-    req_tiles = ctx->tile_rows * ctx->tile_cols;
-
-    // Tile slice is not allowed to cross the boundary of a tile due to
-    // the constraints of media-driver. Currently we support one slice
-    // per tile. This could be extended to multiple slices per tile.
-    if (avctx->slices != req_tiles)
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "The number of requested slices "
-               "mismatches with configured number of tile (%d != %d); "
-               "using requested tile number for slice.\n",
-               avctx->slices, req_tiles);
-
-    ctx->nb_slices = req_tiles;
-
-    // Default in uniform spacing
-    // 6-3, 6-5
-    for (i = 0; i < ctx->tile_cols; i++) {
-        ctx->col_width[i] = ( i + 1 ) * ctx->slice_block_cols / ctx->tile_cols -
-                                    i * ctx->slice_block_cols / ctx->tile_cols;
-        ctx->col_bd[i + 1]  = ctx->col_bd[i] + ctx->col_width[i];
-    }
-    // 6-4, 6-6
-    for (i = 0; i < ctx->tile_rows; i++) {
-        ctx->row_height[i] = ( i + 1 ) * ctx->slice_block_rows / ctx->tile_rows -
-                                     i * ctx->slice_block_rows / ctx->tile_rows;
-        ctx->row_bd[i + 1] = ctx->row_bd[i] + ctx->row_height[i];
+    if (slice > ctx->nb_slices && avctx->slices > 0) {
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Slice count rounded up to "
+               "%d (from %d) due to driver constraints on slice "
+               "structure.\n", slice, avctx->slices);
     }
-
-    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Encoding pictures with %d x %d tile.\n",
-           ctx->tile_rows, ctx->tile_cols);
+    ctx->nb_slices = slice;
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -1993,33 +2056,64 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_tile_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx,
 static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 {
     VAAPIEncodeContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
-    VAConfigAttrib attr[3] = { { VAConfigAttribEncMaxSlices },
-                               { VAConfigAttribEncSliceStructure },
+    VAConfigAttrib attr[] = {
+        { VAConfigAttribEncMaxSlices },
+        { VAConfigAttribEncSliceStructure },
 #if VA_CHECK_VERSION(1, 1, 0)
-                               { VAConfigAttribEncTileSupport },
+        { VAConfigAttribEncTileSupport },
 #endif
-                             };
+    };
     VAStatus vas;
     uint32_t max_slices, slice_structure;
-    int ret;
+    int slice_spacing, tile_spacing;
+    int slices_wanted, tiles_wanted;
+    int err;
 
-    if (!(ctx->codec->flags & FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL)) {
-        if (avctx->slices > 0) {
-            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Multiple slices were requested "
-                   "but this codec does not support controlling slices.\n");
-        }
+    if (!(ctx->codec->flags & FLAG_SLICES)) {
+        // No slices at all in this codec, but we may still need to
+        // provide one slice parameter buffer.
+        ctx->nb_slices = 1;
         return 0;
     }
 
-    ctx->slice_block_rows = (avctx->height + ctx->slice_block_height - 1) /
-                             ctx->slice_block_height;
     ctx->slice_block_cols = (avctx->width  + ctx->slice_block_width  - 1) /
                              ctx->slice_block_width;
+    ctx->slice_block_rows = (avctx->height + ctx->slice_block_height - 1) /
+                             ctx->slice_block_height;
 
-    if (avctx->slices <= 1 && !ctx->tile_rows && !ctx->tile_cols) {
-        ctx->nb_slices  = 1;
-        ctx->slice_size = ctx->slice_block_rows;
-        return 0;
+    // Target values; these may be modified if we are unable to achieve
+    // them exactly.  Since numbers of slices/tiles are generally a
+    // conformance requirement, we will try to avoid modifying them
+    // downwards unless higher values are not possible (and should always
+    // warn in such cases).
+    ctx->nb_slices = FFMAX(avctx->slices,  1);
+    ctx->tile_cols = FFMAX(ctx->tile_cols, 1);
+    ctx->tile_rows = FFMAX(ctx->tile_rows, 1);
+
+    if (ctx->codec->flags & FLAG_FIXED_SLICE_ROWS) {
+        ctx->nb_slices = ctx->slice_block_rows;
+        return vaapi_encode_pick_slices(avctx, REGION_SPACING_SINGLE,
+                                        ctx->nb_slices);
+    }
+
+    slices_wanted = ctx->nb_slices > 1;
+    tiles_wanted  = ctx->tile_cols > 1 || ctx->tile_rows > 1;
+
+    if (!slices_wanted && !tiles_wanted) {
+        // No need to query anything because we are filling the frame
+        // with a single slice.
+        return vaapi_encode_pick_slices(avctx, REGION_SPACING_UNIFORM, 1);
+    }
+
+    if (slices_wanted && !(ctx->codec->flags & FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL)) {
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Multiple slices were requested, "
+               "but this codec does not support controlling slices.\n");
+        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
+    }
+    if (tiles_wanted && !(ctx->codec->flags & FLAG_TILE_CONTROL)) {
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Multiple tiles were requested "
+               "but this codec does not support controlling tiles.\n");
+        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
     }
 
     vas = vaGetConfigAttributes(ctx->hwctx->display,
@@ -2027,7 +2121,7 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx)
                                 ctx->va_entrypoint,
                                 attr, FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(attr));
     if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to query slice "
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to query slice/tile "
                "attributes: %d (%s).\n", vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
         return AVERROR_EXTERNAL;
     }
@@ -2039,8 +2133,33 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx)
                "pictures as multiple slices.\n.");
         return AVERROR(EINVAL);
     }
+    if (max_slices > MAX_SLICES)
+        max_slices = MAX_SLICES;
 
-    if (ctx->tile_rows && ctx->tile_cols) {
+    // For fixed-size slices currently we only support whole rows (making
+    // rectangular slices) so these two cases are equivalent.  This could
+    // be extended to arbitrary runs of blocks, but since slices tend to
+    // be a conformance requirement and most cases (such as broadcast or
+    // bluray) want rectangular slices only it would need to be gated
+    // behind another option.
+    if (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_ARBITRARY_ROWS ||
+        slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_ARBITRARY_MACROBLOCKS) {
+        slice_spacing = REGION_SPACING_UNIFORM;
+#if VA_CHECK_VERSION(1, 8, 0)
+    } else if (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_MULTI_ROWS) {
+        slice_spacing = REGION_SPACING_EQUAL;
+#endif
+    } else if (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_POWER_OF_TWO_ROWS) {
+        slice_spacing = REGION_SPACING_EQUAL_POWER_OF_TWO;
+    } else if (slice_structure & VA_ENC_SLICE_STRUCTURE_EQUAL_ROWS) {
+        slice_spacing = REGION_SPACING_SINGLE;
+    } else {
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Driver does not support any usable "
+               "slice structure modes (%#x).\n", slice_structure);
+        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
+    }
+
+    if (tiles_wanted) {
 #if VA_CHECK_VERSION(1, 1, 0)
         uint32_t tile_support = attr[2].value;
         if (tile_support == VA_ATTRIB_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
@@ -2048,25 +2167,43 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx)
                    "pictures as multiple tiles.\n.");
             return AVERROR(EINVAL);
         }
+
+        tile_spacing = slice_spacing;
+        // If we are encoding H.265 then use the default uniform tiling there
+        // to save a bit of header space rather than making our own which would
+        // be very similar.
+        if (avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC &&
+            tile_spacing == REGION_SPACING_UNIFORM)
+            tile_spacing = REGION_SPACING_UNIFORM_H265;
+
+        err = vaapi_encode_pick_tile_sizes(avctx, tile_spacing);
+        if (err < 0)
+            return err;
+
+        if (ctx->nb_slices < ctx->nb_tiles) {
+            if (avctx->slices > 0) {
+                // The user specified a number of slices, but we need more.
+                av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Slice count rounded up to %d "
+                       "because VAAPI requires at least one slice per tile.\n",
+                       ctx->nb_tiles);
+            }
+            ctx->nb_slices = ctx->nb_tiles;
+        }
+
+        err = vaapi_encode_pick_tile_slices(avctx);
+        if (err < 0)
+            return 0;
 #else
         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Tile encoding option is "
-            "not supported with this VAAPI version.\n");
+               "not supported with this VAAPI version.\n");
         return AVERROR(EINVAL);
 #endif
     }
 
-    if (ctx->tile_rows && ctx->tile_cols)
-        ret = vaapi_encode_init_tile_slice_structure(avctx, slice_structure);
-    else
-        ret = vaapi_encode_init_row_slice_structure(avctx, slice_structure);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return ret;
+    err = vaapi_encode_pick_slices(avctx, slice_spacing, max_slices);
+    if (err < 0)
+        return err;
 
-    if (ctx->nb_slices > avctx->slices) {
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Slice count rounded up to "
-               "%d (from %d) due to driver constraints on slice "
-               "structure.\n", ctx->nb_slices, avctx->slices);
-    }
     if (ctx->nb_slices > max_slices) {
         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Driver does not support "
                "encoding with %d slices (max %"PRIu32").\n",
@@ -2074,8 +2211,18 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_init_slice_structure(AVCodecContext *avctx)
         return AVERROR(EINVAL);
     }
 
-    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Encoding pictures with %d slices.\n",
-           ctx->nb_slices);
+    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Encoding pictures with %d slices "
+           "in %d tiles.\n", ctx->nb_slices, ctx->nb_tiles);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < ctx->nb_slices; i++) {
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Slice %d in tile (%d,%d) "
+               "block start %d size %d.\n", i,
+               ctx->slice_regions[i].tile_col,
+               ctx->slice_regions[i].tile_row,
+               ctx->slice_regions[i].block_start,
+               ctx->slice_regions[i].block_size);
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.h b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.h
index aa2a45bca6..f73c16f22a 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.h
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode.h
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ enum {
     MAX_PICTURE_REFERENCES = 2,
     MAX_REORDER_DELAY      = 16,
     MAX_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE  = 1024,
-    // A.4.1: table A.6 allows at most 22 tile rows for any level.
-    MAX_TILE_ROWS          = 22,
-    // A.4.1: table A.6 allows at most 20 tile columns for any level.
+    MAX_SLICES             = 1024,
+    // Tile constraints match H.265, increase if needed for other codecs.
     MAX_TILE_COLS          = 20,
+    MAX_TILE_ROWS          = 22,
 };
 
 extern const AVCodecHWConfigInternal *ff_vaapi_encode_hw_configs[];
@@ -58,10 +58,15 @@ enum {
     PICTURE_TYPE_B   = 3,
 };
 
+typedef struct VAAPIEncodeSliceRegion {
+    int             tile_col;
+    int             tile_row;
+    int             block_start;
+    int             block_size;
+} VAAPIEncodeSliceRegion;
+
 typedef struct VAAPIEncodeSlice {
     int             index;
-    int             row_start;
-    int             row_size;
     int             block_start;
     int             block_size;
     void           *codec_slice_params;
@@ -299,23 +304,17 @@ typedef struct VAAPIEncodeContext {
     int64_t         dts_pts_diff;
     int64_t         ts_ring[MAX_REORDER_DELAY * 3];
 
-    // Slice structure.
-    int slice_block_rows;
-    int slice_block_cols;
-    int nb_slices;
-    int slice_size;
-
-    // Tile encoding.
-    int tile_cols;
-    int tile_rows;
-    // Tile width of the i-th column.
-    int col_width[MAX_TILE_COLS];
-    // Tile height of i-th row.
-    int row_height[MAX_TILE_ROWS];
-    // Location of the i-th tile column boundary.
-    int col_bd[MAX_TILE_COLS + 1];
-    // Location of the i-th tile row boundary.
-    int row_bd[MAX_TILE_ROWS + 1];
+    // Slice and tile structure.
+    int             slice_block_cols;
+    int             slice_block_rows;
+    int             nb_slices;
+    int             nb_tiles;
+    int             tile_cols;
+    int             tile_rows;
+    int             tile_col_width[MAX_TILE_COLS];
+    int             tile_row_height[MAX_TILE_ROWS];
+    int             slices_per_tile[MAX_TILE_COLS * MAX_TILE_ROWS];
+    VAAPIEncodeSliceRegion slice_regions[MAX_SLICES];
 
     // Frame type decision.
     int gop_size;
@@ -348,8 +347,8 @@ typedef struct VAAPIEncodeContext {
 } VAAPIEncodeContext;
 
 enum {
-    // Codec supports controlling the subdivision of pictures into slices.
-    FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL         = 1 << 0,
+    // Codec supports the subdivision of pictures into slices.
+    FLAG_SLICES                = 1 << 0,
     // Codec only supports constant quality (no rate control).
     FLAG_CONSTANT_QUALITY_ONLY = 1 << 1,
     // Codec is intra-only.
@@ -361,6 +360,12 @@ enum {
     // Codec supports non-IDR key pictures (that is, key pictures do
     // not necessarily empty the DPB).
     FLAG_NON_IDR_KEY_PICTURES  = 1 << 5,
+    // Codec requires fixed slice rows.
+    FLAG_FIXED_SLICE_ROWS      = 1 << 6,
+    // Codec supports controlling the layout of slices.
+    FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL         = 1 << 7,
+    // Codec supports controlling the layout of tiles.
+    FLAG_TILE_CONTROL          = 1 << 8,
 };
 
 typedef struct VAAPIEncodeType {
diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h264.c b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h264.c
index 5e1683e851..90edba41bc 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h264.c
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h264.c
@@ -1145,7 +1145,8 @@ static const VAAPIEncodeProfile vaapi_encode_h264_profiles[] = {
 static const VAAPIEncodeType vaapi_encode_type_h264 = {
     .profiles              = vaapi_encode_h264_profiles,
 
-    .flags                 = FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL |
+    .flags                 = FLAG_SLICES |
+                             FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL |
                              FLAG_B_PICTURES |
                              FLAG_B_PICTURE_REFERENCES |
                              FLAG_NON_IDR_KEY_PICTURES,
diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h265.c b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h265.c
index 279d0ff1f7..d2bcb8d3db 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h265.c
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_h265.c
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ static int vaapi_encode_h265_init_sequence_params(AVCodecContext *avctx)
     pps->cu_qp_delta_enabled_flag = (ctx->va_rc_mode != VA_RC_CQP);
     pps->diff_cu_qp_delta_depth   = 0;
 
-    if (ctx->tile_rows && ctx->tile_cols) {
+    if (ctx->tile_cols > 1 || ctx->tile_rows > 1) {
         int uniform_spacing;
 
         pps->tiles_enabled_flag      = 1;
@@ -567,14 +567,14 @@ static int vaapi_encode_h265_init_sequence_params(AVCodecContext *avctx)
         uniform_spacing = 1;
         for (i = 0; i <= pps->num_tile_columns_minus1 &&
                     uniform_spacing; i++) {
-            if (ctx->col_width[i] !=
+            if (ctx->tile_col_width[i] !=
                 (i + 1) * ctx->slice_block_cols / ctx->tile_cols -
                  i      * ctx->slice_block_cols / ctx->tile_cols)
                 uniform_spacing = 0;
         }
         for (i = 0; i <= pps->num_tile_rows_minus1 &&
                     uniform_spacing; i++) {
-            if (ctx->row_height[i] !=
+            if (ctx->tile_row_height[i] !=
                 (i + 1) * ctx->slice_block_rows / ctx->tile_rows -
                  i      * ctx->slice_block_rows / ctx->tile_rows)
                 uniform_spacing = 0;
@@ -582,9 +582,9 @@ static int vaapi_encode_h265_init_sequence_params(AVCodecContext *avctx)
         pps->uniform_spacing_flag = uniform_spacing;
 
         for (i = 0; i <= pps->num_tile_columns_minus1; i++)
-            pps->column_width_minus1[i] = ctx->col_width[i] - 1;
+            pps->column_width_minus1[i] = ctx->tile_col_width[i] - 1;
         for (i = 0; i <= pps->num_tile_rows_minus1; i++)
-            pps->row_height_minus1[i]   = ctx->row_height[i] - 1;
+            pps->row_height_minus1[i]   = ctx->tile_row_height[i] - 1;
 
         pps->loop_filter_across_tiles_enabled_flag = 1;
     }
@@ -1196,7 +1196,9 @@ static const VAAPIEncodeProfile vaapi_encode_h265_profiles[] = {
 static const VAAPIEncodeType vaapi_encode_type_h265 = {
     .profiles              = vaapi_encode_h265_profiles,
 
-    .flags                 = FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL |
+    .flags                 = FLAG_SLICES |
+                             FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL |
+                             FLAG_TILE_CONTROL |
                              FLAG_B_PICTURES |
                              FLAG_B_PICTURE_REFERENCES |
                              FLAG_NON_IDR_KEY_PICTURES,
diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_mpeg2.c b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_mpeg2.c
index b8f1c06d0f..16077492d0 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_mpeg2.c
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_encode_mpeg2.c
@@ -545,12 +545,6 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_mpeg2_configure(AVCodecContext *avctx)
         priv->quant_b = 16;
     }
 
-    ctx->slice_block_rows = FFALIGN(avctx->height, 16) / 16;
-    ctx->slice_block_cols = FFALIGN(avctx->width,  16) / 16;
-
-    ctx->nb_slices  = ctx->slice_block_rows;
-    ctx->slice_size = 1;
-
     ctx->roi_quant_range = 31;
 
     return 0;
@@ -565,7 +559,9 @@ static const VAAPIEncodeProfile vaapi_encode_mpeg2_profiles[] = {
 static const VAAPIEncodeType vaapi_encode_type_mpeg2 = {
     .profiles              = vaapi_encode_mpeg2_profiles,
 
-    .flags                 = FLAG_B_PICTURES,
+    .flags                 = FLAG_SLICES |
+                             FLAG_FIXED_SLICE_ROWS |
+                             FLAG_B_PICTURES,
 
     .configure             = &vaapi_encode_mpeg2_configure,
 
@@ -625,6 +621,8 @@ static av_cold int vaapi_encode_mpeg2_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
     ctx->surface_width  = FFALIGN(avctx->width,  16);
     ctx->surface_height = FFALIGN(avctx->height, 16);
 
+    ctx->slice_block_height = ctx->slice_block_width = 16;
+
     return ff_vaapi_encode_init(avctx);
 }
 
-- 
2.28.0



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