[FFmpeg-devel] [PATCH 2/2] lavc/msrleenc: Add msrle encoder

Andreas Rheinhardt andreas.rheinhardt at outlook.com
Sat Jun 10 21:34:01 EEST 2023


Tomas Härdin:
> +typedef struct MSRLEContext {
> +    const AVClass *class;
> +    int curframe;
> +    AVFrame *last_frame;
> +} MSRLEContext;
> +
> +static av_cold int msrle_encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    avctx->bits_per_coded_sample = 8;
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static void write_run(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t **data, int len, int value)
> +{
> +    // we're allowed to write odd runs
> +    while (len >= 255) {
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 255);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, value);
> +        len -= 255;
> +    }
> +    if (len >= 1) {
> +        // this is wasteful when len == 1 and sometimes when len == 2
> +        // but sometimes we have no choice. also write_absolute()
> +        // relies on this
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, len);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, value);
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +static void write_absolute(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t **data, uint8_t *line, int len)
> +{
> +    // writing 255 would be wasteful here due to the padding requirement
> +    while (len >= 254) {
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 254);
> +        bytestream_put_buffer(data, line, 254);
> +        line += 254;
> +        len -= 254;
> +    }
> +    if (len == 1) {
> +        // it's less wasteful to write single pixels as runs
> +        // not to mention that absolute mode requires >= 3 pixels
> +        write_run(avctx, data, 1, line[0]);
> +    } else if (len == 2) {
> +        write_run(avctx, data, 1, line[0]);
> +        write_run(avctx, data, 1, line[1]);
> +    } else if (len > 0) {
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, len);
> +        bytestream_put_buffer(data, line, len);
> +        if (len & 1)
> +            bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +static void write_delta(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t **data, int delta)
> +{
> +    // we let the yskip logic handle the case where we want to delta
> +    // to following lines. it's not perfect but it's easier than finding
> +    // the optimal combination of end-of-lines and deltas to reach any
> +    // following position including places where dx < 0
> +    while (delta >= 255) {
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 2);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 255);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        delta -= 255;
> +    }
> +    if (delta > 0) {
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 2);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, delta);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +static void write_yskip(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t **data, int yskip)
> +{
> +    if (yskip < 4)
> +        return;
> +    // we have yskip*2 nul bytess
> +    *data -= 2*yskip;
> +    // the end-of-line counts as one skip
> +    yskip--;
> +    while (yskip >= 255) {
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 2);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 255);
> +        yskip -= 255;
> +    }
> +    if (yskip > 0) {
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 2);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, 0);
> +        bytestream_put_byte(data, yskip);
> +    }
> +    bytestream_put_be16(data, 0x0000);
> +}
> +
> +// used both to encode lines in keyframes and to encode lines between deltas
> +static void encode_line(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t **data, uint8_t *line, int length)
> +{
> +    int run = 0, last = -1, absstart = 0;
> +    if (length == 0)
> +        return;
> +    for (int x = 0; x < length; x++) {
> +        if (last == line[x]) {
> +            run++;
> +            if (run == 3)
> +                write_absolute(avctx, data, &line[absstart], x - absstart - 2);
> +        } else {
> +            if (run >= 3) {
> +                write_run(avctx, data, run, last);
> +                absstart = x;
> +            }
> +            run = 1;
> +        }
> +        last = line[x];
> +    }
> +    if (run >= 3)
> +        write_run(avctx, data, run, last);
> +    else
> +        write_absolute(avctx, data, &line[absstart], length - absstart);
> +}
> +
> +static int encode(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *pkt,
> +                  const AVFrame *pict, int keyframe, int *got_keyframe)
> +{
> +    MSRLEContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
> +    uint8_t *data = pkt->data;
> +    
> +    /*  Compare the current frame to the last frame, or code the entire frame
> +        if keyframe != 0. We're continually outputting pairs of bytes:
> +
> +            00 00           end of line
> +            00 01           end of bitmap
> +            00 02 dx dy     delta. move pointer to x+dx, y+dy
> +            00 ll dd dd ..  absolute (verbatim) mode. ll >= 3
> +            rr dd           run. rr >= 1
> +
> +        For keyframes we only have absolute mode and runs at our disposal, and
> +        we are not allowed to end a line early. If this happens when keyframe == 0
> +        then *got_keyframe is set to 1 and s->curframe is reset.
> +    */
> +    *got_keyframe = 1;  // set to zero whenever we use a feature that makes this a not-keyframe
> +    
> +    if (keyframe) {
> +        for (int y = avctx->height-1; y >= 0; y--) {
> +            uint8_t *line = &pict->data[0][y*pict->linesize[0]];
> +            encode_line(avctx, &data, line, avctx->width);
> +            bytestream_put_be16(&data, 0x0000); // end of line
> +        }
> +    } else {
> +        // compare to previous frame
> +        int yskip = 0; // we can encode large skips using deltas
> +        for (int y = avctx->height-1; y >= 0; y--) {
> +            uint8_t *line = &pict->data[0][y*pict->linesize[0]];
> +            uint8_t *prev = &s->last_frame->data[0][y*s->last_frame->linesize[0]];

Should be const.

> +            // we need at least 5 pixels in a row for a delta to be worthwhile
> +            int delta = 0, linestart = 0, encoded = 0;
> +            for (int x = 0; x < avctx->width; x++) {
> +                if (line[x] == prev[x]) {
> +                    delta++;
> +                    if (delta == 5) {
> +                        int len = x - linestart - 4;
> +                        if (len > 0) {
> +                            write_yskip(avctx, &data, yskip);
> +                            yskip = 0;
> +                            encode_line(avctx, &data, &line[linestart], len);
> +                            encoded = 1;
> +                        }
> +                        linestart = -1;
> +                    }
> +                } else {
> +                    if (delta >= 5) {
> +                        write_yskip(avctx, &data, yskip);
> +                        yskip = 0;
> +                        write_delta(avctx, &data, delta);
> +                        *got_keyframe = 0;
> +                        encoded = 1;
> +                    }
> +                    delta = 0;
> +                    if (linestart == -1)
> +                        linestart = x;
> +                }
> +            }
> +            if (delta < 5) {
> +                write_yskip(avctx, &data, yskip);
> +                yskip = 0;
> +                encode_line(avctx, &data, &line[linestart], avctx->width - linestart);
> +                encoded  = 1;
> +            } else
> +                *got_keyframe = 0;
> +            bytestream_put_be16(&data, 0x0000); // end of line
> +            if (!encoded)
> +                yskip++;
> +            else
> +                yskip = 0;
> +        }
> +        write_yskip(avctx, &data, yskip);
> +    }
> +    bytestream_put_be16(&data, 0x0001); // end of bitmap
> +    pkt->size = data - pkt->data;
> +    return 0;
> }
> +
> +static int msrle_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *pkt,
> +                              const AVFrame *pict, int *got_packet)
> +{
> +    MSRLEContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
> +    int ret, got_keyframe;
> +
> +    if ((ret = ff_alloc_packet(avctx, pkt, (
> +                avctx->width*2 /* worst case = rle every pixel */ + 2 /*end of line */
> +            ) * avctx->height + 2 /* end of bitmap */ + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_MIN_SIZE)))
> +        return ret;
> +
> +    if (pict->data[1]) {
> +        uint8_t *side_data = av_packet_new_side_data(pkt, AV_PKT_DATA_PALETTE, AVPALETTE_SIZE);
> +        memcpy(side_data, pict->data[1], AVPALETTE_SIZE);
> +    }
> +
> +    if ((ret = encode(avctx, pkt, pict, s->curframe == 0, &got_keyframe)))
> +        return ret;
> +
> +    if (got_keyframe) {
> +        pkt->flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
> +        s->curframe = 0;
> +    }
> +    if (++s->curframe >= avctx->gop_size)
> +        s->curframe = 0;
> +    *got_packet = 1;
> +
> +    if (!s->last_frame)
> +        s->last_frame = av_frame_alloc();
> +    else
> +        av_frame_unref(s->last_frame);
> +
> +    av_frame_ref(s->last_frame, pict);

Wouldn't it be simpler to allocate this frame during init and then use
av_frame_replace() here?
Apart from that: You need to check the av_frame_ref().

> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int msrle_encode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    MSRLEContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
> +    av_frame_free(&s->last_frame);
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static const AVClass msrle_class = {
> +    .class_name = "Microsoft RLE encoder",
> +    .item_name  = av_default_item_name,
> +    .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
> +};

An AVClass is pointless without options, so you should just remove it
(and the AVClass* from the context).

> +
> +const FFCodec ff_msrle_encoder = {
> +    .p.name         = "msrle",
> +    CODEC_LONG_NAME("Microsoft RLE"),
> +    .p.type         = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
> +    .p.id           = AV_CODEC_ID_MSRLE,
> +    .p.capabilities = AV_CODEC_CAP_DR1,
> +    .priv_data_size = sizeof(MSRLEContext),
> +    .init           = msrle_encode_init,
> +    FF_CODEC_ENCODE_CB(msrle_encode_frame),
> +    .close          = msrle_encode_close,
> +    .p.pix_fmts     = (const enum AVPixelFormat[]){
> +        AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8, AV_PIX_FMT_NONE
> +    },
> +    .p.priv_class   = &msrle_class,
> +    .caps_internal  = FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_CLEANUP,
> +};



More information about the ffmpeg-devel mailing list